Species?specific responses to landscape features shaped genomic structure within Alaska galliformes

Aim Connectivity is vital to the resiliency of populations environmental change and stochastic events, especially for cold-adapted species as Arctic alpine tundra habitats retract climate warms. We examined influence past current landscapes on genomic connectivity in galliformes a critical first step assess vulnerability Alaska ptarmigan grouse change. hypothesize that mosaic physical features habitat within promoted formation genetic structure across species. Location Alaska, United States America. Taxa Ptarmigan Grouse (Galliformes: Tetraoninae). Methods collected double digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequence data from six (N = 13–145/species) sampled multiple ecosystems up ~10 degrees latitude. Spatial was analysed using methods reflect different temporal scales: (1) principal components analysis identify major trends distribution variation; (2) maximum likelihood clustering analyses test presence groupings; (3) shared co-ancestry contemporary relationships (4) effective migration surfaces regions deviate null model isolation by distance. Results Levels varied (?ST =0.009–0.042). Three general patterns emerged: east-west partition located near Yukon-Tanana uplands; north-south split coinciding with Range northern group Brooks Range. Species-specific were observed; not all landscape barriers gene flow contrasts detected at Main conclusions Within galliformes, coincide physiographic highlight importance ecological shaping how diversity arrayed landscape. Lack concordance spatial indicates behaviour affinities play key roles driving contrasting structure.